Artery disease develops when plaque of fat, cholesterol, and other substances accumulate in the carotid arteries. This narrowing of the arteries is referred to as carotid artery stenosis. As the plaque grows, it can become unstable and rupture, potentially forming blood clots. These clots may travel to the brain, resulting in a stroke, which is one of the most severe complications of Carotid Artery Disease.