Urologists are trained medical specialists who diagnose and treat illnesses of the urinary system. These comprise the kidneys, the bladder, the ureters, which connect the kidneys and the bladder, and the urethra, which is the tube through which urine exits the body. Male specialists will also look into issues such as impotence or infertility, as well as prostate illnesses. To become a urologist, you must first complete substantial schooling and hands-on medical training spanning several years, as well as practical training in the surgical and medicinal therapy of urological illnesses.