Microbial production of metabolites is a cost-effective and sustainable approach to producing high-value compounds. Microorganisms are relatively easy to grow and manipulate, and they have the potential to produce a wide range of metabolites with diverse chemical structures. There are several types of microbial metabolites that can be produced, including antibiotics, enzymes, organic acids, vitamins, and biofuels. These microbial natural products have revolutionized bioprocess technologies, agricultural sustainability, and biopharmaceuticals.